Personality traits as predictors of adherence in juvenile diabetics

Personality traits as predictors of adherence in juvenile diabetics

Diabetes in adolescence -- Treatment

Patient compliance

Wheeler, Kathleen Reagan

2005

McCord, David

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Diabetes is a serious, chronic illness with long-term implications for health and lifestyle. Significant differences in health outcome may be achieved as a result of the degree of adherence to recommended medical regimens. Adherence is thus a major aspect of managing this disease and is a focus of attention for health psychologists. Adherence is a particularly challenging issue with adolescents with diabetes. Many variables have been studied in relation to diabetic adherence, including Type A behaviors, self-efficacy, familial factors, and locus of control. The present study examined the relationship between primary personality traits and diabetic adolescent adherence to prescribed medical regimens. The M5 Questionnaire, a measure of the five-factor model of personality, was administered to a sample of adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. A scale measuring adherence, developed as a part of this study, was also administered to adolescents, as well as the adolescents' mothers. Four factors of adherence were assessed: blood glucose monitoring, insulin administration, diet, and exercise. Correlations between all personality variables (five broad domains and 30 underlying facets) and all adherence measures were computed. Results revealed significant correlations between the Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, Extraversion and Agreeableness personality domains and total adherence, as reported by adolescents. Significant correlations were also found between the Conscientiousness and Neuroticism domains and total adolescent adherence, as reported by mothers. Finally, 3 specific adherence measures (insulin administration, diet, and exercise) were significantly correlated with the Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Agreeableness domains, as reported by adolescents and mothers.

2014-07-07

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